Mackay and novak 1984, mackay, 1984 studied emulsions and found that stable emulsions had low conductivity and therefore a continuous phase of oil. Emulsion formation, stability, and rheology tharwat f. Emulsions and their characterization by texture profile analysis. Surfactants classification, features and applications n. Stability and characterisation of emulsions in the. Conductivity measurements these are based on the principle that water conducts electricity better than oils. Lecture networks and gels rubber elasticity and polymer melt rheology 1 references for this lecture.
Deepak 11ab1r0050 under the esteemed guidance of mrs. This volume focuses on basic and advanced knowledge about nanoemulsion, and presents an overview of the production. Pdf emulsion types, stability mechanisms and rheology. The society gratefully acknowledges the companies that support this program by allowing their professionals to participate as lecturers. The terms submicron emulsion sme and miniemulsion are used as synonyms.
Emulsions by haroon rahim emulsions an emulsion consists of two immiscible liquids, one of which is uniformly dispersed throughout the other as fine droplets normally of diameter 0. Parenteral suspensions and emulsions will be introduced and discussed below. The spe distinguished lecturer program is funded principally through a grant from the. Surfactants classification, features and applications. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Emulsions alexandru grumezescu emulsions, the third volume of the nanotechnology in the food industry series, is an invaluable resource for anyone in the food industry who needs the most recent information about scientific advances in nanotechnology on this topic. An image of an injectable solution is depicted in figure 1. Evolution of a liquid drop l spreading on the solid s surrounded by vapour v.
The emulsion are generally prepared by shaking strongly the mixture of two colloids these emulsions are generally unstable. Chapter formulation development of parenteral products. Most emulsions are either stable or not and show this characteristic in a short time. Emulsions which match this definition have been used in parenteral nutrition for a long time. Emulsions free download as powerpoint presentation. Lecture handouts organic chemistry i chemistry mit. How to do synthesis nucleophiles and electrophiles.
Chapter 8 lecture notes lipids 11 phospholipids because they are amphipathic, phospholipids are effective as emulsifying agents, compounds that make or stabilize emulsions. Doylea nanoemulsions are kinetically stable liquidinliquid dispersions with droplet sizes on the order of 100 nm. Theory and practice of emulsion technology 1st edition. G, provided by the particular dispersing procedure at constant composition and pressure, can be expressed by. Site of polymerization radicals are produced in the aqueous phase at. A stable emulsion will have polydisperse droplets vmd of. Pharm vignan pharmacy college 1 assistant professor. Emulsions control of droplet size and phase continuity in. Phase inversion is an important industrial process to make stable emulsions. Rubenstein and colby, chapter 7 painter and coleman, essentials chapter painter and coleman fundamentals chapter 11 strobl chapter 9 monday, november 15, 2010. Depth of maximum increases logarithmically with primary energy number of particles at maximum is proportional to primary energy total track length of particle is proportional to primary energy fluctuations vary as. This book is organized into four sessions encompassing 19 chapters. Lecture 16 bases, stabilization, pavement materials. Pharmaceutical suspensions and emulsions slideshare.
Aug 18, 2014 pharmaceutical suspensions and emulsions 1. It is a resourceful practice guide for preparation of the naplex, fpgee, ptcb and california pharmacy board exams. Lecture 14 food packaging fabs 110 ghosh 2017 part 2. Their small size leads to useful properties such as high surface area per unit volume, robust. Lecture dispersed systems suspensions oral suspensions lecture 14 topical drug delivery quiz lab. Emulsions have been widely used in different industrial processes. Nanoemulsions can be defined as oilinwater ow emulsions with mean droplet diameters ranging from 50 to nm. Basic and advanced topics borovets, bulgaria, 12 july, 2010. These studies show that the droplet size of water in emulsions may be related to stability.
If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Lecture fruits and vegetable processing fabs 110 ghosh 2017 class notes. The preparation of emulsions requires energy to disperse the organic phase solvent or solution in water. Crystals, emulsions, foams, and pink vanilla cupcakes lecture bill yosses bill yosses white house this public lecture series discusses concepts from the physical sciences that underpin both everyday cooking and haute cuisine. Stability and characterisation of emulsions in the presence of colloidal particles and surfactants by roman pichot. For the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. Emulsions slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. The liquid droplets the disperse phase are dispersed in a liquid medium the continuous phase. Optimization of demulsifier formulation for separation of water from crude oil emulsions 109 brazilian journal of chemical engineering vol. Reference guide for pharmaceutical calculations krisman. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the left. Chemical engineering 160260 polymer science and engineering. Rapid methods for assaying stability are under development.
Disperse or internal phase continuous or external phase. An emulsion is a colloidal dispersion in which both the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium are liquids. Study 31 lecture 12 emulsions flashcards from kaia g. In order to get an idea about the thermodynamics the change in the gibbs free energy of the system. Smithsonian american art museum mcmillan education center.
Pdf emulsions are the underlying basis of personal care formulations for skin. A stable emulsion will have polydisperse droplets vmd of 5 and 20 microns. Chemical engineering 160260 polymer science and engineering lecture. An emulsion is liquid preparation containing two immiscible liquids, one of which is dispersed as globules dispersed phase internal phase in the other liquid continuous phase external phase. The development and production of good quality emulsions depend on the knowledge of emulsion preparation, stability mechanisms. Tcholakova department of chemical engineering, faculty of chemistry, sofia university, sofia, bulgaria lecture at cost p21 training school physics of droplets. Usually, the average droplet size is between 100 and 500 nm.
Pdf emulsions and their characterization by texture. Theory and practice of emulsion technology covers the proceedings of the theory and practice of emulsion technology symposium, held at brunel university on september 1618, 1974. Jul 27, 2017 for the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. The substance a thus added to stabilize the emulsions are called emulsifiers or emulsifying agents.
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